Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are both major chronic diseases in China. In clinical practice, cardiac metabolic risk factors, such as overweight, obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia, often cluster together. ASCVD is the major cause of death due to metabolic diseases including T2DM, and comprehensive intervention can effectively improve the prognosis of cardiovascular and metabolic disease (CMD). Therefore, primary medical institutions should pay attention to CMD and implement early diagnosis, hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, and whole-course management. With reference to the latest authoritative guide and primary diagnosis and treatment practice, Working Committee of Primary Health Talents of China National Health Association and Shenzhen Clinical Medical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases organized an expert group to formulate Expert consensus on primary comprehensive prevention and control of cardiovascular and metabolic disease, which centers on patients and establishes general practitioners as the main body of prevention and control, with technical support provided by specialists. This expert consensus aims to standardize the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of CMD in primary medical institutions, including risk assessment, early diagnosis, metabolic control, graded referral, and whole-course management, so as to advance the frontier of CMD prevention and control and reduce the incidence of ASCVD events.

Objective To investigate the effect of transitional care model (TCM)-based nursing intervention combined with enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 86 patients with COPD and coronary heart disease who were admitted to our hospital from 2021 to January 2023 were enrolled and divided into experimental group and control group using a random number table, with 43 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention alone, and those in the experimental group received TCM-based nursing intervention combined with EECP in addition to routine nursing. The two groups were compared in terms of cardiopulmonary function and quality of life. Results Compared with the control group after nursing, the experimental group had significantly higher Peak VO₂, AT, peak oxygen pulse, LVEF, FEV₁, FEV₁%, FEV₁/FVC, and clinical symptom score (P <0.05) and significantly lower scores of social impact and activity ability (P <0.05). Conclusion For patients with COPD and coronary heart disease, TCM-based nursing intervention combined with EECP can significantly improve cardiopulmonary function and quality of life, and therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.