Objective To investigate the effect of nursing pathway table intervention on the treatment compliance of elderly patients with diabetes and hypertension. Methods A total of 70 elderly patients with diabetes and hypertension who were treated in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were enrolled and divided into groups A and B using a random number table, with 35 patients in each group. The patients in group A received routine nursing, and those in group B received nursing pathway table intervention in addition to the nursing regimen in group A. The two groups were compared in terms of blood pressure, blood glucose, treatment compliance, and quality of life based on 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results Compared with group A, group B had significantly lower levels of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose before discharge (P<0.05). Group B had a significantly higher treatment compliance rate than group A (97.14% vs 74.29%, P<0.05). Group B also had a significantly higher SF-36 score than group A (P<0.05). Conclusion For elderly patients with diabetes and hypertension, nursing pathway table intervention can significantly reduce blood glucose and blood pressure, increase treatment compliance, and improve quality of life.