Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cardiovascular disease affecting the health of Chinese residents, and its treatment cost is a huge public health burden. CHD has become a major disease that endangers the health of Chinese residents and leads to impaired life expectancy, illness-induced poverty, and return to poverty due to illness. With the aggravation of aging in China and the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and smoking, there are a huge number of people with the risk factors for CHD. There is a tendency of increase in the overall prevalence and mortality rates of CHD, and the inflection point of disease burden has not yet appeared. Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are important factors for the development and progression of CHD, and current studies have shown that triglyceride-glucose index, residual cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio are closely associated with the onset of CHD.