Objective To improve the rescue efficiency of patients with acute myocardial infarction through optimized emergency nursing. Methods A total of 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to our hospital from January to October 2020 were enrolled as observation group and were given optimized emergency nursing, and 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to our hospital from January to October 2019 were enrolled as control group and were given conventional emergency nursing. A retrospective analysis was performed for their clinical data, and the two groups were compared in terms of emergency treatment outcome and degree of satisfaction with nursing. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly shorter triage time, time of use of electrocardiography, time from admission to entrance into emergency room, time of emergency balloon dilatation, and length of hospital stay (P<0.05), as well as significantly better evaluations of health education, service attitude, professional level, content of nursing, and psychological nursing among the patients with acute myocardial infarction (P<0.05). Conclusion Optimized emergency nursing can effectively improve the quality of nursing care, make full use of every minute, and provide high-quality comprehensive nursing services.